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EFCOMIN
This research project aims to understand the interactions between different innovation policy instruments in France. Until now, research has primarily focused on assessing the impact of innovation policies taken individually, with a particular focus on the research tax credit (CIR). This project seeks to move beyond this limitation by combining an analysis of the CIR, which is the cornerstone of France’s innovation policy, with innovation grants such as those distributed by BPI France, as well as with newer, more targeted approaches implemented under the France 2030 program. It also aims to understand the importance of firms’ proximity to the scientific frontier, applying the methodology developed by Bergeaud et al. (2025), as well as the increasingly prevalent behaviour of R&D subcontracting and the role of innovation policies in driving this trend.